Thumb Pain: Is it Basil Thumb Arthritis?

If everyday activities – such as opening a jar lid, grasping a large object, or even turning a doorknob – have become painful, you may be suffering from Basal Thumb Arthritis. If your pain when attempting these day-to-day activities is specifically located in the base of the thumb it can be an indication the presence of Basal Thumb Arthritis.

Because we use our thumbs for so many tasks, almost constantly throughout every day, basil thumb arthritis is one of the most common form of osteoarthritis that hand surgeons see. Basal thumb arthritis, also known as thumb CMC (carpometacarpal) arthritis affects approximately 15% of adults over 30 and up to 40% of women over 50. Dr. Uzma Rehman frequently sees patients with this condition, which can significantly impact daily activities like turning keys or gripping objects.

Who Gets Basil Thumb Arthritis?

Women are significantly more likely to develop basal thumb arthritis, with studies showing they are 10-15 times more likely to be affected than men. This gender disparity is partly attributed to hormonal factors and joint ligament laxity. Additionally, certain occupations requiring repetitive thumb movements or strong gripping actions increase the risk of developing this condition.

Common risk factors include previous thumb injuries, joint hypermobility, obesity, and genetic predisposition. Activities requiring repeated pressure on the thumb, such as heavy smartphone use, knitting, or prolonged writing, can accelerate joint deterioration. Early recognition of symptoms allows for more effective conservative treatment options.

What is Basal Thumb Arthritis?

The basal joint allows your thumb to move around so you can perform small motor tasks. When the cushioning cartilage wears away with use (or injury), the joints become rough and grind over each other when you move, causing more joint damage.

Basil Thumb Arthritis develops at the base of the thumb where it meets the wrist, specifically at the carpometacarpal joint. This joint’s unique saddle-shaped design allows for the thumb’s wide range of motion, including pinching, gripping, and circular movements. However, this same mobility makes the joint particularly susceptible to wear and tear over time. Sometimes as we age, cartilage wears away from the ends of the bones that form the thumb joint.

As the condition progresses, the pain may become constant. The individual may not be able to move their thumb away from the hand to grasp large objects. If left untreated you may even lose the function of the hand! So it is important to see a board certified hand surgeon like Dr. Rehman as soon as possible.

Symptoms of Basal Joint Arthritis

Usually, the first sign of arthritis in the thumb is pain, tenderness, and stiffness. You’re most likely to feel it at the base of your thumb as you try to grip, pinch, or clasp something between the thumb and index fingers. You might also feel a pain when you try to apply mild force, such as when you twist a key in a lock, turn a door handle, or snap your fingers. You might be left with a lingering ache.

Over time, pain and inflammation can rob your hand of strength and restrict your range of motion. These restrictions become especially obvious when you try to pinch something or clasp an object tightly. You might find it increasingly difficult to open jars, hold a drink, or use buttons, zippers, and snaps. For those with a severe case of arthritis in the thumb, small motor tasks that were once a matter of routine become too painful to attempt, or almost impossible to accomplish without assistance.

The thumb may also appear swollen, especially at its base, and you may develop a bony bump. Overall, the base of the thumb can take on an enlarged appearance. As it progresses, one alarming sign of thumb arthritis is improper alignment of the joint as it shifts from its normal positioning, creating a bent-back appearance (hyperextension).

How Hand Surgeons Treat Basal Thumb Arthritis

A thorough examination by an osteopathic specialist such as board certified hand Surgeons Dr. Rehman is required to make a firm diagnosis of Basal Thumb Arthritis.

A variety of non-invasive approaches may be used to treat the condition, including:

  • Activities may be modified
  • The hand may need periods of rest
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be prescribed
  • Specialized physical and occupational exercises may be prescribed
  • In some cases splinting may be used.
  • Injection of Corticosteroid may be required

Pain relief may last from several days to several months with a corticosteroid injection from an experienced and specialized hand doctor. While most often the treatments discussed above are successful, occasionally surgery is required if these methods fail and/or if the Basal Joint Arthritis is very advanced.

Dr. Rehman’s treatment approach typically begins with conservative measures such as activity modification, splinting, and anti-inflammatory medications. Physical therapy focusing on specific thumb exercises can help maintain strength and flexibility while reducing pain. For more advanced cases, corticosteroid injections may provide temporary relief.

Surgical intervention becomes an option when conservative treatments no longer provide adequate relief. Modern surgical techniques, including arthroscopic procedures and joint replacement, have shown excellent long-term outcomes. Dr. Rehman specializes in minimally invasive approaches that can help restore thumb function while minimizing recovery time.

Long Term Prognosis for Basal Thumb Arthritis

The long-term prognosis for basal thumb arthritis varies depending on several factors, including early intervention and adherence to treatment protocols. Without proper management, the condition typically progresses through four stages, from mild joint wear to complete joint deterioration. However, with appropriate care, many patients successfully manage their symptoms and maintain function for years.

Post-treatment prognosis is generally positive, with most patients experiencing significant pain relief and improved function. However, the key to optimal outcomes lies in early diagnosis and intervention. Dr. Rehman emphasizes the importance of seeking evaluation at the first signs of persistent thumb pain or weakness, as early treatment can help slow disease progression and maintain joint function.

Patient education plays a crucial role in long-term management. Understanding proper joint protection techniques, ergonomic modifications, and exercises can help prevent progression and maintain hand function. Regular follow-up care allows for monitoring and adjustment of treatment plans as needed.

Recent advances in treatment options, including new splinting materials, targeted medications, and refined surgical techniques, continue to improve outcomes for patients with basal thumb arthritis. Dr. Rehman stays current with these developments to provide her patients with the most effective treatment options available.

Top Clarkston Area Hand Surgeon

If you are experiencing pain in or around the thumb area, contact board certified Clarkston, MI area hand surgeon Doctor Rehman for a comprehensive evaluation and consultation. Early intervention and the correct diagnosis, followed by a comprehensive treatment plan will yield the most effective and successful outcome.

Doctor Rehman will assess your individual situation, and prescribe the treatments that are best for your condition, to alleviate symptoms and ensure that your condition does not progress.

Clarkston Area Hand Surgeon: 248.940.5233